Glomerulonephritis, also known as glomerular nephritis, abbreviated GN, is a renal disease (usually of both kidneys) characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, or small blood vessels in the kidneys. It may present with isolated hematuria and/or proteinuria (blood or protein in the urine); or as a nephrotic syndrome, a nephritic syndrome, acute renal failure, or chronic renal failure. They are categorised into several different pathological patterns, which are broadly grouped into non-proliferative or proliferative types. Diagnosing the pattern of GN is important because the outcome and treatment differs in different types. Primary causes are ones which are intrinsic to the kidney, whilst secondary causes are associated with certain infections (bacterial, viral or parasitic pathogens), drugs, systemic disorders (SLE, vasculitis) or diabetes.
Nursing Diagnosis for Glomerulonephritis
Ineffective Tissue Perfusion related to water retention and hypernatremia
Expected Results :
Clients will demonstrate normal cerebral tissue perfusion is marked with blood pressure within normal limits, decreased water retention, no signs of hypernatremia.
Nursing Intervention for Glomerulonephritis
- Blood Pressure Monitor and record every 1-2 hours per day during the acute phase.
Rational: to detect early symptoms of blood pressure changes and determine further intervention. - Keep the airway hygiene, prepare suction
Rational: n happen due to lack of oxygen to the brain perfusion. - Set of anti-hypertension, monitor client reactions.
Rationale: Anti-Hypertension can be due to uncontrolled hypertension can cause kidney damage. - Monitor the status of the volume of liquid every 1-2 hours, monitor urine output (N: 1-2 ml / kg / hr).
Rational: The monitor is very necessary because the expansion of the volume of fluid can cause blood pressure to rise. - Assess neurological status (level of consciousness, reflexes, pupil response) every 8 hours.
Rational: To detect early changes in neurological status, facilitate subsequent intervention. - Set of diuretics: Esidriks, Lasix appropriate orders.
Rational: Diuretic can increase the excretion of fluids.