Gastritis is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach, and has many possible causes. The main acute causes are excessive alcohol consumption or prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (also known as NSAIDs) such as aspirin or ibuprofen. Sometimes gastritis develops after major surgery, traumatic injury, burns, or severe infections. Gastritis may also occur in those who have had weight loss surgery resulting in the banding or reconstruction of the digestive tract. Chronic causes are infection with bacteria, primarily Helicobacter pylori, chronic bile reflux, stress and certain autoimmune disorders can cause gastritis as well. The most common symptom is abdominal upset or pain. Other symptoms are indigestion, abdominal bloating, nausea, and vomiting and pernicious anemia. Some may have a feeling of fullness or burning in the upper abdomen. A gastroscopy, blood test, complete blood count test, or a stool test may be used to diagnose gastritis. Treatment includes taking antacids or other medicines, such as proton pump inhibitors or antibiotics, and avoiding hot or spicy foods. For those with pernicious anemia, B12 injections are given.
Nursing Diagnosis for Gastritis
Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume and Electrolytes : less than body requirements related to inadequate intake, vomiting
Goal:
Disorders of fluid balance did not occur.
Expected results:
Moist mucous membranes, good skin turgor, electrolytes returned to normal, capillary filling pink, vital signs stable, the balance of input and output.
Nursing Intervention for Gastritis
Assess signs and symptoms of dehydration, observation of vital signs, measuring intake and output, encourage clients to drink ± 1500-2500ml, observation of skin and mucous membranes, collaboration with doctor in the provision of intravenous fluids.
Nursing Diagnosis for Gastritis
Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements: less than body requirements related to inadequate intake, anorexia
Goal:
Nutritional deficiencies resolved.
Expected results:
Normal albumin value, no nausea and vomiting, weight within normal limits, normal bowel sounds.
Nursing Intervention for Gastritis
Assess food intake, body weight measured regularly, give oral care on a regular basis, encourage clients to eat little but often, give food in warm, auscultation bowel sounds, assess food preferences, check the laboratory, for example: Hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin.